Collected Wisdom
The following is a collection of interesting stories, thoughts, maxims, aphorisms, wisdom, and observations that I have extracted from my readings of various literature, religious texts, myths, poets, playwrights, philosophers, historians, and biographers. The reader should be aware that my purpose was to collect the aforementioned tidbits, not to present a collection of accurate history or scholarship. Many of these reflect a bias of the original writer, some of these reflections are inconsistent with others, and some of the stories that the historians and biographers relate are inaccurate or entirely fictional, but they may still contain a useful perspective or observation. It must also be noted that translations involve some degree of interpretation, and may be subject to anachronisms and socio-historical contextual differences, so that some concepts and intentions might be erroneously projected onto the original text by the translator and by me as well. It must also be noted that many of the earliest extant documents attributed to many of the writers below are from a much later date and are copies of earlier copies and this allows for a whole host of additional errors, both accidental and deliberate, to be introduced into the extant text. Furthermore, I have picked what appealed to me, and I purposely chose to leave out certain things. I left out most of the comments on the actions of deities and justice being a natural force in the world, both of which I think reason discounts. Finally, there is also a vast amount of wisdom and moralizing that arises in the actions of the stories themselves that I have not attempted to write on. I just copied and pasted my notes here and have made no efforts to make it more readable. I will eventually edit it and distill what follows into an inclusive but concise form, but I decided to go ahead and put it online so that others could still have access to it and I could access it from online. More will come later as I am continually adding to my notes and I have a large number that have not been entered into the computer. The thinkers and texts are listed in an approximate chronological order.
What I want to ultimately do here is collect wisdom from these classics, condense what is here into a number of propositions, then use modern research in psychology, reasoned analysis, and personal experience to qualify, support, or discard each proposition, producing what I hope will be of wise pragmatic use to others.
- Pythagoreanism
- Jainism
- Buddhism
- Vedanta
- Socrates
- Cynicism
- Stoicism
- Scepticism
- Epicureanism
- Neoplatonism
Ways of Living
- The Instructions of Shuruppak
- The Instructions of Hordedef
- The Instructions to Kagemni
- The Instructions of Ptah Hotep
- The Instructions of Merikare
- Loyalist Teaching
- The Epic of Gilgamesh
- The Instructions of Amenemope
- The Instructions of Amenemhat
- Solomon
- Homer
- Hesiod
- Archilochus
- Semonides
- Callinus
- Eumelus
- Tyrtaeus
- Mimnermus
- Alcman
- Sappho
- Alcaeus
- Periander
- Epimenides
- Pittacus
- Solon
- Myson
- Anacharsis
- Chilon
- Cleobulus
- Pherecydes
- Pisistratus
- Bias
- Theognis
- Upanishads
- Margites
- Aristoxenus
- Thales
- Anaximander
- Anaximenes
- Pythagoras
- Alcmaeon
- Stesichorus
- Ibycus
- Anacreon
- Demodocus
- Pythermus
- Ananius
- Hipponax
- Xenophanes
- Simonides
- Susarion
- Cydias
- Anonymous Greek Party Songs
- Sunzi
- Aesop
- Aeschylus
- Confucius
- The Dao De Jing
- Heraclitus
- Parmenides
- Pindar
- Bacchylides
- Timocreon
- Empedocles
- Euenus
- Praxilla
- Anonymous Greek Poet Fragments
- Zeno of Elea
- Zengzi
- Anaxagoras
- Sophocles
- Empedocles
- Leucippus
- Protagoras
- Herodotus
- Melissus
- Euripides
- Ion of Chios
- Gorgias
- Zisizi 481
- Alcmaeon
- Antiphon
- Socrates
- Mozi
- Simon
- Philolaus
- Diogenes of Apollonia
- Hippias
- Prodicus
- Critias
- Democritus
- Thucydides
- Thrasymachus
- Aristophanes
- Antisthenes
- Aristippus
- Euclides
- Xenophon
- Plato
- Alcidamas
- Diogenes of Sinope
- Mencius
- Heraclides Ponticus
- Aristotle
- Theophrastus
- Aristoxenus of Tarentum
- Anaxarchus
- Aristippus the Younger
- Crates
- Monimus
- Xenocrates
- Stilpo
- Zhuangzi
- Onesicritus
- Menedemus
- Metrocles
- Hipparchia
- Demetrius of Pharlarum
- Menander
- Crantor
- Polemo
- Epicurus
- Timon
- Arcesilaus
- Theodorus
- Bion
- Aristoxenus
- Anniceris
- Hegesias
- Strato
- Teles
- The Pythagorean Golden Verses (date uncertain)
- The Dhamapada
- Apollonius of Rhodes
- Lyco 269
- Plautus
- Ennius
- Polybius
- Terence
- The Bhagavad Gita
- Carneades
- The Septuagint
- Cicero
- Julius Caesar
- Lucretius
- Sallust
- Catullus
- Aenesidemus
- Virgil
- Livy
- The Pali Canon
- Ovid
- The Laws of Manu
- Horace
- Persius
- Arius Didymus
- Petronius
- Lucan
- Seneca
- Demetrius
- Martial
- Dio Chrysostom
- Curtius Rufus
- Josephus
- Musonius Rufus
- Pliny the Younger
- Tacitus
- Plutarch
- Suetonius
- Epictetus
- Arrian
- Apollodorus
- Alcinous
- The Lankavatara Sutra
- The Diamond Sutra
- The Heart Sutra
- Nagarjuna
- Hierocles the Stoic
- The Nyaya Sutras
- Aulus Gellius
- Appian
- The Vimalakirti Sutra
- The Lotus Sutra
- Juvenal
- Marcus Aurelius
- Albinus
- Maximus
- Apuleius
- Lucian
- Sextus Empiricus
- Diogenes Laertius
- Cassius Dio
- The Yoga Sutras
- Philostratus
- Plotinus
- Hermetica
- Iamblichus
- Isvarakrisna
- Lieh-Tzu
- Julian the Apostate
- Ammianus Marcellinus
- Saint Augustine
- Buddhagosa
- The Nag Hammadi Scriptures
- Vasubandhu
- The Surangama Sutra
- Boethius
- Justinian
- Pseudo-Dionysius
- Procopius
- Visnu Sarma
- Gregory of Tours
- Isidore of Seville
- Stobaeus (I wish, Mine is in Greek)
- The Qur'an
- Po Chu-i
- Yoshishige no Yasutane
- Bede
- Santideva
- Li Po
- Tu Fu
- Einhard
- Notker the Stammerer
- Narayana
- Sankaracarya
- Beowulf
- Psellus
- Anselm of Canterbury
- Abelard
- Heloise
- Anna Komnene
- Hemacandra
- Maimonides
- Magna Carta
- Dogen
- The Poetic Edda
- Wolfram von Eschenbach
- Kamo no Chomei
- Rumi
- Duns Scotus
- Dante Alighieri
- Marco Polo
- William of Ockham
- Bocaccio
- Petrarch
- The Saga of King Hrolf Kraki
- Geoffrey Chaucer
- The Gnostic Scriptures
- Thomas Malory
- Christopher Columbus
- Thomas More
- Erasmus
- Niccolo Machiavelli
- Martin Luther
- Baldesar Castiglione
- Francois Rabelais
- Benvenuto Celini
- La Boetie
- Michel de Montaigne
- Cervantes
- William Shakespeare
- Francis Bacon
- Rene Descartes
- Galileo Galilei
- Nicolas Malebranche
- Thomas Hobbes
- John Milton
- Blaise Pascal
- Anne Conway
- Benedict de Spinoza
- Margaret Cavendish
- Alexander Pope
- Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
- Matsuo Basho
- Joseph Butler
- George Berkeley
- Isaac Newton
- Jean de La Fontaine
- Giambattista Vico
- Jean Jacques Rousseau
- Baltasar Gracian
- Francois de La Rochefoucauld
- Charles-Louis de Secondat Montesquieu
- Voltaire
- David Hume
- Adam Smith
- Samuel Johnson
- Benjamin Franklin
- Edward Gibbon
- Thomas Reid
- Edmund Burke
- Mary Wollstonecraft
- Thomas Paine
- George Washington
- John Adams
- Abigail Adams
- Immanuel Kant
- Jane Austen
- Mary Shelley
- Thomas Jefferson
- James Madison
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
- Arthur Schopenhauer
- Stendhal
- Emily Bronte
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
- Henry David Thoreau
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- George Santayana
- Albert Einstein
- Bertrand Russell
- Will Durant
- Winston Churchill
- Charles De Gaulle
- Albert Camus
- Simone De Beauvoir
- Dwight D. Eisenhower
- C.S. Lewis
- Robert Nozick
- Stephen Covey
- Jonathan Haidt
- Stephen Hall
- Daniel Dennett
- Fortune Cookies
- Miscellaneous